设计基础课程教学中常出现抽象化的空间认知问题。以经典岭南园林建筑华南植物园水榭为案例， 进行“一例贯通”的教学改革试验。教学方式以现场授课为主，强化在现场进行基础能力的训练，包括环境要素识别、空间尺度感知、建筑要素认知等内容，融入多样化的训练方法，包括体验“速 写”、工具测绘、工程制图、模型制作方法、图解分析等。通过现场教学与课程成果，发现学生对于以往较为抽象的理论知识均有更直观、深入地理解，其空间认知与转化能力也得到增强。

Abstract spatial cognition often arises in basic training in architectural design. Taking the waterside pavilion in South China Botanical Garden, a classic Lingnan garden architecture, as a case study, the teaching reform experiment of 'one case through' was carried out. The teaching method is mainly based on on-site teaching. The basic design ability training is strengthened on the site, including environmental element recognition, spatial scale perception, and architectural element cognition. The course also incorporates a variety of training methods, including 'experience sketching', measurement methods, technical drawings, model making methods, graphical mapping analysis, etc. Through on-site teaching, students can have a more intuitive and in-depth understanding of the theoretical knowledge. Students' spatial awareness and transformational skills can be enhanced as well.

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教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（编号：23YJC760069）；教育部产学合作协同育人项目（编号：22097124073702）；广东工业大学校级本科教学工程项目新工科专业改革专项（编号：广工大教字〔2023〕51号）；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金自然科学基金面上项目（编号：2023A1515010074）