在城市绿地规模与品质需求提高、水资源短缺的背景下，基于水量供需平衡的城市绿地布局优化研究对缓解水绿矛盾具有重要意义。利用 CiteSpace 对国内外相关研究展开分析，阐明城市绿地水量供需平衡内涵与相关研究热点，对水量供需评价内容、方法和绿地布局优化方法进行综述。研究发现：城市绿地供需水量平衡识别、测度及空间化的系统性研究较少；研究内容聚焦在水量供给侧的雨水资源化利用，水量需求侧的植物和水景需水量评估较少；供需评估研究方法有生态模型法、参与调查法和经验统计法；绿地布局优化模型有概念模型、数学模型和计算机空间模型。未来研究应从构建完善城市绿地水量供需平衡评价体系和研究框架，厘清不同时间和空间尺度下绿地水量供需之间的关联和作用机制，加大园林用水管理方面监管力度 3 个方面进一步深入。

Under the background of increasing demand for the scale and quality of urban green space and water shortage, research on the optimisation of urban green space layout based on the balance of water supply and demand is of great significance to alleviate the water-green conflict. The study makes use of CiteSpace to analyse pertinent domestic and international researches, elucidate the meaning of water supply-demand balance in urban green spaces and associated research hot-spots, and review the content and methodologies of water supply-demand evaluation and methodologies of green space layout optimization. The study finds that: there are not as many systematic studies on how to identify, quantify and map the water balance between supply and demand in urban green spaces; Less emphasis is placed on evaluating the water demand of plants and water features and more emphasis is placed on the use of rainwater resources in the water supply side of the equation; Ecological modeling, participatory surveys and empirical statistics are some of the research methodologies used in supply and demand assessment; There are conceptual, mathematical and computer spatial models for green space layout optimization. Future studies should be further deepened in three aspects, namely, constructing and improving the assessment system and research framework for the urban green space water supply and demand balance, clarifying the correlation and mechanism between water supply and demand in green spaces at different time and spatial scales, and increasing the regulatory efforts in water management in gardens.

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