珠三角地区在水患压力下经过近千年的发展形成了独特的基塘景观。其中的桑园围始建于宋朝，是中国古代保存最为完整的基围水利工程之一，入选世界灌溉工程遗产。采用考证法结合实地调研，归纳总结出桑园围的景观格局经历了从完全自然，到顺应自然局部改造，再到以人工为主的历史演变过程，阐述了基塘景观系统的组织架构，分析了水利系统、农业生产系统和聚落系统的空间形态特征和文化景观特征。最后从水利系统发展对土地围垦的影响、基围管理制度对聚落格局的影响和社会经济发展对农业生产的影响3个角度总结桑园围景观演变的主要动因。

The Pearl River Delta region has formed a unique dikepond landscape after nearly a thousand years of development under the pressure of floods. Among them, Sangyuanwei was built in the Song Dynasty and is one of the most complete preserved water conservancy projects in ancient China. It has been selected as a World Irrigation Engineering Heritage. By using the method of textual research combined with on-site research, the historical evolution of Sangyuanwei is summarized, in which the landscape pattern has experienced from completely natural, to partially reformed, and then to artificial dominated. The organizational structure of landscape system of Sangyuanwei is decomposed and expounded, and the spatial morphological characteristics and cultural landscape characteristics of water conservancy system, agricultural production and settlement system are analyzed. Finally, the main factors influencing the landscape evolution of Sangyuanwei are summarized from three perspectives: the impact of water conservancy system development on land reclamation, the impact of management system development on settlement pattern, and the impact of socioeconomic development on agricultural production.

TU986

国家自然科学基金青年项目（编号52008253）、广东省哲学社会科学规划青年项目（编号GD19YYS09）和深圳市高等院校稳定支持计划项目（编号20200814103926003）共同资助