以深圳市福田区福新立交桥小叶紫花三角梅Bougainvillea ‘Royal Purple’为研究对象，调查分析2种桥梁绿化基质理化性质变化及其对小叶紫花三角梅生长和开花的影响。结果显示：种植第18个月时2种基质的pH、EC值、有机质含量较种植前降低，而碱解N、有效P含量则增加。除了EC值，2种基质理化指标仍满足小叶紫花三角梅种植土的要求，其中基质A的有效P含量显著高于基质B（P＜0.05），其余理化性质指标则差异不显著（P＞0.05）。随着种植时间的延长，2种基质处理叶片SPAD值均呈现下降趋势，而第21个月时花朵密度显著高于其他种植时间（P＜0.05）。此外，2种基质之间叶片SPAD值、花朵密度以及全N、全P、全K含量均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。相关性分析结果显示，第18个月时花朵密度与叶片全K含量呈显著正相关（P＜0.05），叶片SPAD值与基质有效P含量、叶片全N与基质有机质和碱解N含量均呈显著负相关（P＜0.05）。

This study was carried out to investigate the changes of physicochemical properties of two bridge greening substrates and the effects on the growth and flowering of Bougainvillea ‘Royal Purple’ on Fuxin overpass in Futian District, Shenzhen City, China. The results showed that the pH, EC value and organic matter content of the two substrates were all decreased at the 18th month of planting, while the contents of alkali hydrolyzed N and available P were increased. The physicochemical properties except EC value of the two substrates still meet the requirements of planting soil of B. ‘Royal Purple’, and the available P content of substrate A was signifi cantly higher than that of substrate B (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in other properties (P>0.05). The leaf SPAD value was decreased gradually with the increase of planting months, while the flower density at the 21st month of planting was significantly higher than those in other observation months (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in leaf SPAD value, nutrient contents or flower density between the two substrates (P<0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that the flower density at the 18th month of planting was significantly positively correlated with the total K content in leaves (P<0.05), while the leaf SPAD value was significantly negatively correlated with the substrate available P content (P<0.05), and the significant negative correlation between leaf total N and matrix organic matter or alkali hydrolyzed N content was also observed (P<0.05).

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广州市科技计划项目（201300000128）资助