采用常规育种的方法，以杜鹃叶山茶Camellia azalea和山茶属红山茶组10个原生物种作为杂交育种亲本，设计20个杂交组合，研究其种间杂交亲和性。结果显示，杜鹃叶山茶与红山茶组原生种间反交时的杂交亲和性和育种效率要显著于正交组合。与杜鹃叶山茶进行杂交的亲和性，最好的是多齿红山茶C.polyodonta、南山茶C.semiserrata和浙江红山茶C.chekiangoleosa，其次是尖萼红山茶C.edithae、长毛红山茶C.villosa、滇山茶C.reticulata和全缘红山茶C.subintegra，较差的是厚叶红山茶C.crassissima和怒江红山茶C.saluenensis，最差的是毛蕊红山茶C.mairei。

In order to test the interspecific cross-compatibility,Camellia azalea was selected as parental material to mate with ten species belonging to Sect.Camellia of Camellia Genus,by conducting twenty pairs of hybrid combinations under conventional hybridization method.The results showed that the cross-compatibility and breeding efficiencies were significantly higher when C.azalea was taken as male parental material rather than as female ones.The cross-compatibility was the best when C.polyodonta,C.semiserrata,C.chekiangoleosa were taken as parental materials to cross to C.azalea,with C.edithae,C.villosa,C.reticulata,C.subintegra ranking a medium place and C.crassissima,C.saluenensis ranking an inferior place,while the cross-compatibility between C.mairei and C.azalea was the poorest.

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广东省林业科技创新项目（2014KJCX008-01）及广东省重点领域研发计划资助（2018B020202002）